In Celebration of Sunsmart Skin Cancer Awareness Month, Med Pak interviews Ntiyiso Mahumani a Pharmacist from Letsheng Pharmacy
Q: What is the best thing a patient can do to prevent sunspots and aging?
A: The best preventive measure is to minimize direct sun exposure, especially during peak sunlight hours (typically 10 AM to 4 PM when UV rays are strongest). This reduces the risk of UV-induced skin damage.
Patients should also use broad-spectrum sunscreen daily, covering all exposed skin. Sunscreen helps block harmful UV rays that contribute to premature aging and sunspots.
Additional protective measures include:
• Wearing protective clothing, hats, and sunglasses.
• Seeking shade whenever possible.
• Avoiding tanning beds, as they emit harmful UV rays.
• Consistency in these habits is essential to maintaining healthy, youthful skin.
Q: What is the difference between sunblock and sunscreen?
A: Sunblock:
• Physically blocks UV rays by reflecting them away from the skin.
• Contains mineral-based active ingredients like zinc oxide or titanium dioxide.
• May leave a noticeable white cast on the skin, making it more visible.
Sunscreen:
• Chemically absorbs UV rays before they can penetrate the skin.
• Contains active ingredients like oxybenzone, avobenzone, or octisalate.
• Blends more naturally into the skin without leaving a visible residue.
• Choosing between sunblock and sunscreen depends on personal preference and skin type. For example, sensitive skin types may prefer sunblock due to its gentle, mineral-based formulation.
Q: What are some best practices around application?
A: • Always shake your sunscreen or sunblock before use to ensure the ingredients are evenly mixed for optimal effectiveness.
• Cover all exposed skin, including commonly forgotten areas like ears, back of the neck, hands, and feet.
• Reapply sunscreen every two hours, or more frequently if swimming, sweating, or towel-drying.
• Use water-resistant formulas when engaging in activities involving water or heavy perspiration.
• Sunscreen should be applied 15–30 minutes before sun exposure to allow it to bond with the skin effectively.
• If wearing makeup, apply sunscreen first and let it dry before applying cosmetics.
Q: What SPF should a patient aim for, and how often should they reapply?
A: • SPF 30 or higher is recommended for most people as it provides adequate protection by blocking approximately 97% of UVB rays. For sensitive skin or extended outdoor activities, consider SPF 50.
Reapplication:
• Sunscreen should be reapplied every two hours during regular outdoor activities.
• For intense activities like swimming or exercising, reapply immediately after drying off or sweating.
• Note that no sunscreen provides all-day protection; regular reapplication is crucial to maintain effectiveness against harmful UV rays.
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